Bo Cutter

Roosevelt Institute Senior Fellow and Director of the Next American Economy Project

Recent Posts by Bo Cutter

  • Remembering Dale McComber, a Great Civil Servant

    Sep 15, 2011Bo Cutter

    You probably don't recognize Dale McComber's name, but like many dedicated public servants, he helped keep the government running for decades.

    Dale McComber died last week, well into his 90s. Virtually no one who reads this will have ever heard of Dale, but regardless, he was a man worth remembering and represented an idea worth saving.

    You probably don't recognize Dale McComber's name, but like many dedicated public servants, he helped keep the government running for decades.

    Dale McComber died last week, well into his 90s. Virtually no one who reads this will have ever heard of Dale, but regardless, he was a man worth remembering and represented an idea worth saving.

    Thirty-five years ago, in the winter of 1976, I entered OMB as a Carter political appointee, ostensibly in charge of the U.S. budget. Dale was, in status, the senior civil servant at OMB and head of the mighty BRD -- the Budget Review Division. Outsiders -- including political people at the White House -- thought the BRD was a boring green eye-shade kind of place; insiders knew that it ran everything to do with the OMB machine, and Dale ran the BRD. He had by that point been at OMB for 30 years, and had served every U.S. president since Truman directly. So his moral authority within OMB was even greater than his positional authority. Thank god I was smart enough to understand that, to distinguish between nominal political authority (mine) and actual achieved authority (Dale's). There was a private doorway between his office and mine, and I learned fast to use it.

    Dale was rumpled, a little overweight, with an "aw shucks" manner purposely hiding a thoroughly superior mind. He was fanatical about getting things right, and there was almost nothing he did not know regarding how to get something done in the U.S. government. He had a world-class "harrumph" and grumble when something was being proposed that he thought was utter nonsense. But he was not just a "no man." He took as great an interest in making good ideas work as in killing off bad ones.

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    He was resigned about the nature of politics and politicians. Once, early in President Carter's term, he was called a Nixon-Ford leftover by someone in the White House. He sighed and told me that he had been called a leftover by someone in each of six White Houses. His favorite expression was "there will be a budget," uttered with a combination of optimism, pessimism, skepticism, and determination. Dale was a good man who was as good at his job as anyone has ever been, and that's about the most you can ask of anyone.

    Dale was also an idea and an ideal, though he would harrumph at the notion: the idea of great civil service, staffed by men and women who believe thoroughly in the government's capacity for good, but also in accountability and excellence. Dale worked as hard, worked as smart, and was as committed as anyone I have ever known in business. And I'd say much the same thing about most of the career civil servants with whom I worked in two White Houses. At OMB, the senior career officials believed they worked for the presidency, and that that was a high honor. It's a damn shame that since 1968, virtually every presidential campaign has been run against Washington and the men and women who try to make it work -- men and women like Dale McComber.

    Roosevelt Institute Senior Fellow Bo Cutter is formerly a managing partner of Warburg Pincus, a major global private equity firm. Recently, he served as the leader of President Obama’s Office of Management and Budget (OMB) transition team. He has also served in senior roles in the White Houses of two Democratic presidents.

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  • The GOP Debate: Reality Keeps Intruding on the Tea Party's Alternate Universe

    Sep 14, 2011Bo Cutter

    There are real crises coming down the line -- such as an almost inevitable default in Europe -- but the Republicans refuse to deal with reality.

    I'll start by acknowledging that I do not even remotely understand Republican party dynamics and can't read what happens in a Republican debate the way I think I can read Democratic party events.

    There are real crises coming down the line -- such as an almost inevitable default in Europe -- but the Republicans refuse to deal with reality.

    I'll start by acknowledging that I do not even remotely understand Republican party dynamics and can't read what happens in a Republican debate the way I think I can read Democratic party events.

    Nevertheless, in approximately 45 years of reasonably close involvement in American politics, I have never seen more divergence from reality in what purports to be a serious discussion by men and women who actually think they might wind up being president of the United States. The Republican debate on Monday consisted of eight adults standing up for two hours and discussing an alternate universe.

    This really is a "the emperor has no clothes" kind of moment. Unfortunately,  what is claimed and asserted in our current politics is always imperfectly related to reality. You can generally assume that any quote -- particularly from an opponent's book -- and any statistic (I've always thought that I have never, ever heard a complicated statistic used correctly by a major politician) is simply wrong. And therefore you have to "grok" what anyone would actually try to do when faced with the real world. So we become accustomed to the dissonance.

    But isn't there a point when the divergence is just too great not to acknowledge? Michele Bachmann says President Obama "stole" $500 million from Medicare. She says President Obama embedded $105 billion in post-dated checks. Newt Gingrich says he "helped balance the budget for four straight years." The debate's moment of high drama and its aftermath involved vaccine inoculations, a moment that was prolonged the next day when Bachmann claimed that these inoculations caused retardation -- a problem no one else in the medical profession has ever heard of. The very real possibility of a lost American decade, the reality of 9 percent unemployment, or the potential for a complete European economic collapse never intruded on the fantasy world these people have spun for themselves.

    So I think the answer to my question is "no." CNN cosponsored the debate (which makes it a profit center); serious adults such as David Gergen were commentators. Everyone was obsessed with the tactics. No one pointed out that this is one of the moments that shows we are beginning to go off the rails.

    But we really are going off the rails, and it is time to change a basic assumption that I, and I would guess almost everyone, has always had about America and its leadership: that we have grownups in charge who have a reasonably firm grasp of reality and a sense of prudence about the risks they are willing to take. George W. Bush challenged this assumption, but this debate declared it null and void. That strange light in Michele Bachmann's eyes when she went into raptures over her willingness to risk an American default, or whenever she is about to try to foist a total mistruth on unsuspecting Americans, is a dead giveaway. I would guess that the odds are slightly better than even that one of these eight will be elected in 2012. This is like the shortstop who can't hit, but on the other hand can't field. Based on this debate, where there was almost no connection between what was said and the real world, the public doesn't have a clue what any of them would actually do as president, but on the other hand we can be sure that when they do it, it will scare the bejesus out of us.

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    How could anyone see this debate and not see with blinding clarity the need for a movement from the radical center?

    The harrowing thing is that there are real crises coming down the line that will require real leadership. As I was watching the debate, I was finishing Peter Boone and Simon Johnson's article "Europe on the Brink" published by the Peterson Institute for International Economics. It begins, "Attempts to solve the problems in Europe are failing and the crisis is spreading... The euro crisis is not under control." Then it gets pessimistic. I finished the article, looked up some credit default swap numbers, talked to some friends, and concluded that there is a 60 percent chance of a Greek default -- an unplanned, messy default -- within six weeks.

    This event will (1) lead directly to the bankruptcy of a number of European banks, and (2) put unsustainable pressure on Italy, Spain, and Portugal -- maybe even France.  There is no institution or process in Europe that can stop this; the IMF can't stop it and we damn sure aren't going to do anything. Nor is there a will to do anything. A European friend who would know said to me, "The French say Greece is the cradle of democracy, give them anything they want. The Germans say the Greeks are lazy liars, let them starve. And there is no voice in between."

    As this process moves on, Italy, Spain, and Portugal will not be able to finance themselves at all from private markets and there are not enough other resources in Europe to step in. There will be more defaults, more bankruptcies, and a hair-raising recession in Europe.

    What are we going to do?  In a normal country, say America 20 years ago, we would begin to anticipate these events, discuss them quietly in Washington between the leaders of both parties, and have a rough plan. But not now. If you judge by the Republican debate, we will do our damnedest to avoid thinking about any actual crises. Besides, this one involves foreigners, and what do they know anyway?

    When asked what factors determined the success of a prime minister, Harold McMillan of Great Britain famously answered, "Events, dear boy, events." Inconveniences like complete economic and financial meltdowns in Europe constantly intrude on the otherwise well encapsulated lives of ideologues, and you actually do have to have a point of view about them.

    Roosevelt Institute Senior Fellow Bo Cutter is formerly a managing partner of Warburg Pincus, a major global private equity firm. Recently, he served as the leader of President Obama’s Office of Management and Budget (OMB) transition team. He has also served in senior roles in the White Houses of two Democratic presidents.

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  • The Jobs Speech: Obama Starts Telling the Right Story

    Sep 12, 2011Bo Cutter

    On display Thursday was a president willing to engage and demand action.

    In the context of normal politics -- miserable as they are today -- Obama's speech last Thursday was a very good start toward a reset of this presidency. In the context of reality based politics -- which don't exist -- a great deal more was required. But that's a topic for another day.

    On display Thursday was a president willing to engage and demand action.

    In the context of normal politics -- miserable as they are today -- Obama's speech last Thursday was a very good start toward a reset of this presidency. In the context of reality based politics -- which don't exist -- a great deal more was required. But that's a topic for another day.

    How did he do contrasted against what I thought he had to do? Here's how I would grade his performance:

    • He was fairly honest -- give him a 7 out of 10.
    • He went long, as judged by what is possible today -- a 9.
    • He didn't break much china -- a 6.
    • He didn't really roll any dice, but he changed tone and demanded action. Give him a 7.

    When you consider the circumstances -- an embattled president facing an opposition hostile to the point of derangement -- the substance of this speech was very good. In terms of immediately actionable stuff, he proposed the right kind of stimulus (even though the administration can't call it that) within the middle of the range I suggested: $450 billion, or around 3% of GDP. The stimulus is "efficient." It lowers the costs of employment, it is targeted in part toward the long-term unemployed, and it sends the right kind of money, to employ teachers, to the states. I think he will actually get a fair amount of this passed, and while it won't reverse our ugly unemployment picture, it may keep this meager recovery going.

    He will get none of his infrastructure proposals passed, but I felt as though they were almost proposed as a loss leader. And he deferred the budget reckoning.

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    The best part of the speech was its tone and style. In watching President Obama over the last two years, I sometimes felt as though I were looking through the wrong end of binoculars. But Thursday night's president was not that disengaged president, all too ready to outsource to the Congress or strike the wrong deal at the wrong time. This was a fully engaged president, presenting an adult message, quite ready to define his opposition as it truly is, and willing to demand action. I can't overstate how much I wish that president had been around more over the last two years.

    I also think that in this speech, as President Obama returns to one of its themes in particular, he will discover the truth of the Wizard of Oz. Just as Dorothy discovered that the Wicked Witch of the West was a fake, so the president and the nation will learn that the Tea Party and House Republicans aren't the tsunami they have so feared. The administration will also discover that to some degree it can choose to whom it gives power. If you give power to the Tea Party, it will take it. If you describe the Tea Party accurately -- as clueless, hypocritical nihilists -- it will wither. If the president had moved decisively in March, closed the government, and forced the Tea Party to fight on ground of his choosing, we would never have had the deficit/default debacle in August.

    I hope and believe that the president really will follow through on this speech. He can construct a convincing counter narrative if he builds on it. Even better, he can go beyond this speech and build a more complete story. Time and time again, what this administration has whiffed on is establishing a narrative, telling it, and convincing the public of its own sense of economic direction. They have another chance. And I hope Bill Daley is putting together a team to plan, as a coherent whole, the president's follow up. Don't leave this to normal White House operations.

    At its core, this is where this speech was a success. The president gave himself a chance: to reset his administration's direction, to build a narrative, and to contrast himself against an opposition that the American people distrust even more than they distrust him. He can't outrun the bear, but he damn sure can outrun the Republican far right.

    Roosevelt Institute Senior Fellow Bo Cutter is formerly a managing partner of Warburg Pincus, a major global private equity firm. Recently, he served as the leader of President Obama’s Office of Management and Budget (OMB) transition team. He has also served in senior roles in the White Houses of two Democratic presidents.

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  • President Obama's Jobs Speech is His Last Real Chance

    Sep 6, 2011Bo Cutter

    If Obama doesn't go big in his jobs plan on Thursday, any proposals will disappear into the ether along with his chances for re-election.

    President Obama has a big task ahead of him on Thursday. He has to be honest. He has to go long. He has to break some china. And he has to not care. Why? It's what the country needs. And he is a one-term president if he doesn't change the game.

    Let's start with being honest. He must explain to the country where we are and where we will be if we do not act. Then he has to explain what we must do and why it seems contradictory.

    If Obama doesn't go big in his jobs plan on Thursday, any proposals will disappear into the ether along with his chances for re-election.

    President Obama has a big task ahead of him on Thursday. He has to be honest. He has to go long. He has to break some china. And he has to not care. Why? It's what the country needs. And he is a one-term president if he doesn't change the game.

    Let's start with being honest. He must explain to the country where we are and where we will be if we do not act. Then he has to explain what we must do and why it seems contradictory.

    What does all this mean?

    This recession was different and this anemic "recovery" is different than our whole post-World War II experience. We will have high unemployment for years. (To bring unemployment down to five percent in five years, we would have to have monthly job growth higher than the 1993-2000 boom years.) This means a continuing squeeze on incomes and longer, higher long-term unemployment than we have seen for decades.

    At the same time, our low rate of investment (both public and private), the state of our infrastructure, our eroding educational system, and the kinds of jobs we are creating combine to make achieving higher economic growth more difficult and virtually guarantee a continuing rise in inequality.

    We really do have a deep debt and deficit problem. We do not have to solve it in the next year, but if we do not quickly get on the right path, markets will take the decision out of our hands.

    There is a lot we can do to make this emerging situation better, but there is nothing we can do that will work quickly. And there is no indication of any kind that the political system is capable of producing the right mix of policies -- quite the opposite.

    President Obama must say all of this. The nation has to have a context to understand why we are where we are and what we must do. Then he has to go long. If this is a speech about green jobs, the return of manufacturing, and the payroll tax, TV remote controls all over the nation will start switching channels, and the president and Congress will be talking to themselves.

    The president should announce on Thursday night what I called a few weeks ago "The Project for American Renewal." Specifically, the president should demand the following:

    (1) A short term stimulus of two to four percent of GDP to keep growth from cratering over the next year or so. The stimulus would be composed of a continued payroll tax holiday, including one for employers, and a jobs tax credit. I want something that spends fast and is not wrapped up in some fancy new program no one understands. And to be clear, this stimulus will not fundamentally alter our unemployment problem.

    (2) Adoption now of the Simpson, Bowles, Rivlin, Dominici debt and deficit plan. (There isn't one unified plan, but there could be within a couple of weeks if the president asked.)

    (3) A long-term infrastructure program amounting to about one to two percent of GDP per year for 10 years, with the money to be spent through a combination of an Infrastructure Bank and fund.

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    I would prefer that the president announce the Project for American Renewal on Thursday, with an emphasis on short-term stimulus, and follow up with separate speeches on the debt and deficit and on infrastructure.

    If he does all of this, the president will break a lot of china. He will be proposing a seemingly contradictory plan for short-term stimulus and longer-term debt reduction, changes in Social Security and Medicare, major income tax reform and lower rates, a new source of revenue that looks a lot like a Value Added Tax, 10 years of infrastructure spending, and a mechanism to avoid the Appropriations committees -- the heart of the feeding troughs today.

    There is something big in this Project for everyone to hate. There is not the slightest chance it will pass before the election. No political adviser in this White House will be for it. The president cannot care.

    In particular, the president cannot care about what his congressional Republican critics say or do. The level of hypocrisy they've attained cannot really rise any farther. But what the president can bank on is that their behavior is now widely recognized and understood. I was amazed to see the following comment by Martin Wolf of the Financial Times, perhaps the leading economic columnist in the world, and not close to a bomb thrower: "Mr. Obama wishes to be president of a country that doesn't exist. In his fantasy U.S. politicians bury differences in bipartisan harmony. In fact, he faces an opposition that would prefer their country to fail than their president to succeed."

    Meanwhile, a Washington Post-ABC News poll published today says that:

    • 20% of Americans believe the country is on the right track

    • 17% of Americans think the president's economic policies are making the economy better

    • 53% of Americans disapprove of the president's overall performance

    • 62% of Americans disapprove of his handling of the economy

    I have no idea if a big program, put forward with energy and defended consistently, can make a dent in these numbers. It is possible that by failing to put forward a clear economic story for two and a half years, the administration has dug too deep a hole for itself.

    But these numbers are saying clearly that the president has to state a big, new course. A small, precious little program will disappear without a trace.

    The polling numbers also say something else. While 53 percent of Americans disapprove of the president's performance, 68 percent disapprove of the Republicans in Congress. The president and the Republicans in Congress are in the same position as the two hikers and the bear. Bear charges. Hiker # 1 sits down to put on track shoes. Hiker # 2 says, "You're crazy, you can't outrun that bear." Hiker # 1 says, "No. But I can damn sure outrun you."

    Roosevelt Institute Senior Fellow Bo Cutter is formerly a managing partner of Warburg Pincus, a major global private equity firm. Recently, he served as the leader of President Obama’s Office of Management and Budget (OMB) transition team. He has also served in senior roles in the White Houses of two Democratic Presidents.

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  • Alan Krueger: Obama Finally Picks a Leader

    Sep 1, 2011Bo Cutter

    He brings strong personality, new thinking, and policymaking know-how to a struggling economic team.

    Alan Krueger is a great appointment to Obama's economic team. He is a heavyweight in the economics profession, deeply experienced in policy making, and an innovative, often contrarian thinker. A professor at Princeton, former chief economist of the Department of Labor, and former assistant secretary for economy policy at Treasury, Alan is exactly what the Obama administration needs right now for several reasons.

    He brings strong personality, new thinking, and policymaking know-how to a struggling economic team.

    Alan Krueger is a great appointment to Obama's economic team. He is a heavyweight in the economics profession, deeply experienced in policy making, and an innovative, often contrarian thinker. A professor at Princeton, former chief economist of the Department of Labor, and former assistant secretary for economy policy at Treasury, Alan is exactly what the Obama administration needs right now for several reasons.

    First, he is a modern labor economist, fully attuned to several new waves of thinking about labor, jobs, work, and incomes in the U.S. economy. The country and the Obama administration both need a profoundly different approach to the whole jobs issue, and Alan brings the capacity to design that approach.

    Second, he brings gravity, presence, and personality to the public face of the administration's economic policy. In its almost principled avoidance of a clear economic story, this administration reminds me of the high school football team down 49 to 0 whose coach keeps yelling across the field, "Give Tommy the ball." After a few minutes, a voice from the field yells back, "Tommy don't want the ball." Alan Krueger will take the ball, and, if allowed, will become a respected and trusted public presence for an administration badly in need of one.

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    Finally, Alan knows how to "do" public policy. When I worked with him in the Clinton administration, he had ideas -- but everyone in and around a White House has ideas. He knew how to formulate a broad policy, debate it civilly, accommodate the views of others, and come out with something real.

    As I said, this is a very good choice and I think we can credit it to Chief of Staff Bill Daley's insistence that the administration not just settle, but look hard for a leader.

    Roosevelt Institute Senior Fellow Bo Cutter is formerly a managing partner of Warburg Pincus, a major global private equity firm. Recently, he served as the leader of President Obama’s Office of Management and Budget (OMB) transition team. He has also served in senior roles in the White Houses of two Democratic Presidents.

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