Frank L. Cocozzelli

 

Recent Posts by Frank L. Cocozzelli

  • Is Occupy Wall Street Our Triangle Moment?

    Oct 10, 2011Frank L. Cocozzelli

    triangle-fireToday's outrage has the potential to be another turning point in American politics.

    triangle-fireToday's outrage has the potential to be another turning point in American politics.

    Frances Perkins, FDR's future Secretary of Labor, was an eyewitness to the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire of March 25, 1911. It was a tragic day in our history, one in which 143 workers lost their lives due the indifference of their employers.

    Triangle was the culmination of licentious economic behavior. Powerful business interests fought on-the-job safety regulations; exit doors that were kept locked to keep out union organizers also kept workers from escaping the building; proposed fire safety standards were fought tooth and nail, all in the name of economic freedom.

    But as tragic as the fire was, it was also a turning point. The tragedy of that horrible fire made Americans begin to truly realize that working people were not merely a means to wealth, but ends in and of themselves, worthy of being treated with dignity. On a political level, it was the singular event that transformed Al Smith and Robert Wagner Sr. from Tammany Hall hacks into champions of reform. It caused the Democratic Party to better live up to its moniker, “the party of the people.” It is why Perkins came to say that day of that fire was “the day the New Deal began.”

    Similarly, today we now endure an economy set on fire by this same perverse notion of “freedom.” Freedom? What many on Wall Street call economic freedom is nothing more than anarchy and license. While workers see wages and benefits taken away, the top one percent live lives filled with conspicuous consumption -- and conspicuous waste. True freedom requires discipline, the structure of regulation, laws of oversight that curb and deflect destructive greed. And yet after thirty years of savings and loan failures, fraudulent CDOs, and Wall Street bailouts followed by million dollar bonuses, economic libertarians still want to tear down the very framework that provides order.

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    But something has stirred in the American people. We are witnessing protests on Wall Street demanding that this stilted notion of freedom be revisited and revised. Despite what many free market types claim, a healthy form of capitalism cannot survive by being indifferent to the workers who physically build the products or provide the services. As Paul Krugman put it, “…we may, at long last, be seeing the rise of a popular movement that, unlike the Tea Party, is angry at the right people.”

    Just as it was in the wake of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the public is outraged and is demanding change. The rising of a popular movement comes at a moment none too soon. It is an opportunity for the Democratic Party to again turn out its present-day hacks and replace them with advocates of an already proven New Deal capitalism.

    Then perhaps one day we will look back at the events of today and be able to say, “that was when the New Deal was reborn.”

    Frank L. Cocozzelli writes a weekly column on Roman Catholic neoconservatism at Talk2Action.org and is contributor to Dispatches from the Religious Left: The Future of Faith and Politics in America. A director of the Institute for Progressive Christianity, he is working on a book on American liberalism.

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  • Bad Education: Progressives Have to Start by Giving Keynesian Economic Lessons

    Aug 8, 2011Frank L. Cocozzelli

    lesson-150The public, pundits, and politicians alike could use a little schooling in progressive economics 101.

    lesson-150The public, pundits, and politicians alike could use a little schooling in progressive economics 101.

    We have a president who, although technically a Democrat, acts more like a 1970s moderate conservative. On Capitol Hill, the House is run by a Speaker who embraces archaic and inefficient freshwater economics and who is constantly being pushed harder to the right by a group of Tea Partiers. Too many Democrats have lost the will to stand up for the hard-won victories of FDR, Truman, and LBJ.

    But having politicians who are up to this task requires more than hitting the pavement and the hard work of stuffing envelopes and working phone banks. Something more is required -- a concerted effort to educate the public, pundits, and most of all the candidates in the basics of Keynesian economics.

    In a recent post, Bob Somerby of the Daily Howler made a keen observation about the anti-tax crusader, Grover Norquist. Somerby said something most liberals don't acknowledge:

    Grover has worked extremely hard down through all these years. His dogged efforts help explain why American political and journalistic cultures tilt quite hard toward spending cuts rather than toward tax increases. Along with other skillful, well-funded players, Grover has worked to defeat the ol debbil, higher taxes -- as is his perfect right.

    We liberals get mad at Grover for this. We think the problem lies elsewhere.

    Ask yourself this: Can you think of a comparable liberal figure? For example, can you think of a liberal figure who has worked in a similar way regarding Social Security? Can you think of a liberal figure who wrote a pledge in 1986 to this effect: Social Security benefits, present and promised, must never be lowered for any reason? Can you think of a liberal figure who spent the last twenty-five years exploring every possible aspect of that basic position? Who doggedly fought the endless deceptions churned against that program?

    Of course you can't think of such a figure! For various reasons, no such liberal figure exists, which helps explain why your side is getting its ass royally kicked once again. Why everyone talks about cutting SS, while it seems to be against the law to even discuss tax increases.

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    In essence, our side has lost control of the narrative. Needless to say, before Keynesian economical sense is restored to government, we have work to do. We all must work as doggedly as Grover Norquist to quell the deceptions this determined enemy of progressive taxation has churned against programs such as Social Security.

    So what will be required of us? For starters, I propose that those of us who oppose the current narrative have to go out and walk into local Democratic clubs and talk basic Keynesian economics. A mechanism must be put in place where the thoughts and ideas of a Mike Konzcal, a Marshall Auerback, and a Paul Davidson must be voiced by the slate of 2012 Congressional candidates. They must be taught how to explain demand-side economics to the everyday voter.

    And that is the problem: most voters do not see contemporary liberal economics as a vehicle for creating prosperity but, instead, as a device for taking hard-earned money and transferring it to a bunch of deadbeats. That fallacy must change so that our economy can change. The popular perception of Keynesian economics must be restored to it its original meaning: a means to create a just and efficient prosperity.

    When confronted with the old myth that a dollar of stimulus money displaces a dollar of private investment, a liberal Congressional candidate must be prepared to provide the obvious answer: In an economy that's in recession, there is insufficient government investment; the government dollar is the only investment available, nothing is “displaced.” When a Tea Party congressman trots out the tired old myth that a 40% top marginal rate penalizes “job creators,” the economic liberal candidate must be prepared to quickly respond that: 1) demand creates jobs, and 2) the wealthy don't spend their tax cuts, but instead tend to hoard their money.

    The education of policymakers and the public should be one of our most important tools in building a progressive movement.

    Frank L. Cocozzelli writes a weekly column on Roman Catholic neoconservatism at Talk2Action.org and is contributor to Dispatches from the Religious Left: The Future of Faith and Politics in America. A director of the Institute for Progressive Christianity, he is working on a book on American liberalism.

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  • Why Shouldn't the Wealthy Sacrifice in a Time of National Crisis?

    Jul 25, 2011Frank L. Cocozzelli

    money-justice-scalesAsking citizens to pay taxes according to their ability makes sense -- and in times of emergency, those with more may be called upon to sacrifice more.

    money-justice-scalesAsking citizens to pay taxes according to their ability makes sense -- and in times of emergency, those with more may be called upon to sacrifice more.

    Running for reelection in 1936, FDR restated his criteria for proper taxation: “Here is my principle: Taxes shall be levied according to ability to pay. That is the only American principle.” The 32nd president firmly believed that Americans should be asked to contribute to the common good based on proportional sacrifice. And while the ability to contribute should be justification enough for a progressive tax system, sometimes national emergency requires citizens to give beyond “a fair share” -- especially if the exigent threat could not otherwise be overcome.

    On Ability

    It is a prerequisite for sacrifice that is often scoffed at by economic conservatives. More often than not, they will counter that such reasoning is "confiscatory" in nature. But a little bit of historical review and analogy demonstrate that such a claim holds no water. Indeed, support for the proposition is found within the works of the earliest proponents of laissez-faire economics.

    Writing in his magnum opus, The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith concluded, “The subjects of every state ought to contribute toward the support of the government, as nearly as possible, in proportion to their respective abilities; that is, in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state.” Almost as if he foresaw the current situation, the patron saint of capitalists everywhere further noted, “...[As Henry Home (Lord Kames) has written, a goal of taxation should be to] 'remedy inequality of riches as much as possible, by relieving the poor and burdening the rich.'”

    John Stuart Mill, the famous Utilitarian philosopher, prescribed, “…equality ought to be the rule in taxation as it ought to be in the affairs of all government.” Continuing directly, Mill noted, “Whatever sacrifice it requires should be made to bear as nearly as possible with the same pressure on all.” Even this utilitarian thinker envisioned a scenario where those with greater wealth would sacrifice more so as to lend equity to the required common contribution. Jeremy Bentham went further, calling for taxation to be a mechanism not just to finance public services, but to equalize income -- a severe position beyond what most contemporary liberals would accept. This is the rule of equal sacrifice.

    Contribution Beyond Ability

    But sometimes ability is not enough to solve a crisis. There are times when some citizens may be required to do more than others simply because the nation will be imperiled if they don't.

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    During the Second World War, the American military was comprised of approximately 11 million citizen-soldiers. They began entering service via a draft one year prior to Pearl Harbor, but after that “Day of Infamy” many didn't wait to be called and volunteered to defend the nation. The soldiers, sailors and Marines were inducted into military service because they were society's most fit. They had a basic level of ability that was required for service (a punctured eardrum was enough to disqualify either a conscript or a volunteer from serving). And among the units that saw some of the fiercest -- and costliest -- fighting were paratroopers, rangers, and pilots, men gifted with physical and often mental excellence. In short, those blessed with higher intelligence and natural athletic abilities were often asked to risk their individual promise in order to save the country.

    Among those who answered the call to duty were the sons of millionaire Joseph P. Kennedy: John, the future president who exhibited heroic leadership after his PT boat was rammed, as well as his older brother Joe who died flying a bomber on a secret mission. Major league baseball players Bob Feller and Gil Hodges saw combat, as did all four of FDR's sons. (James was a member of Carlson's Raiders, an Marine unit that engaged in behind enemy lines operations; Elliot, flying escort for Joe Kennedy on his fatal mission, witnessed his death.) These scions and gifted athletes were among those asked to crush the fascist militarism of Germany, Italy and Japan and did indeed do so at great personal cost. They were chosen in no small part because of their greater individual ability to save the nation in a time of peril. And yet it was the very rare exception that saw this criterion as “confiscatory.”

    A recent report prepared by J.P. Morgan cites a healthy increase in S&P 500 profit margins for the period between 2000 and 2007. That same report unequivocally states, “reductions in wages and benefits explain the majority of the net improvement in margins.” Its economic fitness appears to have been gained, at least in part, from the toil of its employees. Today the United States again faces danger, not from a foreign militaristic regime but from economic calamity, one whose beginning can be found in a thirty-year allegiance to the primitive and inefficient system known as Classical Economics. And again the fittest and most able are asked to contribute to the nation's defense. The question is whether they will or, instead, hide behind a shallow argument that has no historical basis.

    Frank L. Cocozzelli writes a weekly column on Roman Catholic neoconservatism at Talk2Action.org and is contributor to Dispatches from the Religious Left: The Future of Faith and Politics in America. A director of the Institute for Progressive Christianity, he is working on a book on American liberalism.

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  • Progressives Can't Afford to Exclude the Working Class

    Jun 21, 2011Frank L. Cocozzelli

    workers-200Without explaining how the government can create prosperity for all, progressives risk playing into charges of elitism.

    workers-200Without explaining how the government can create prosperity for all, progressives risk playing into charges of elitism.

    Contemporary liberalism runs the risk of becoming isolated. But this threat does not solely come from the likes of Michele Bachmann or Glenn Beck. It also comes from some self-described liberals whose behavior feeds into the right's caricature of who we are. We risk becoming a group that restricts membership to a certain kind of liberal, one that is educated, not merely nonreligious but anti-religious, and one that is simultaneously smug and self-righteous.

    One of the dark risks in an open society is the ascendancy of the enemy/friend dichotomy: one helps only those seen as having similar goals, customs, and beliefs and opposes those who don't. Just observe the poisoning of American political discourse over the past few decades. Discussion and engagement have given way to rants and demonization. In his September 2, 2009 edition of The Daily Howler, Bob Somerby identified a good example of how the right uses this to its advantage -- and how liberals enable its use:

    It's simple-minded - but it works. On our side, we stand in line to help. For decades, almost all conservative spin has derived from two simple messages. When you get to work with such clear messaging, being a conservative pundit is the easiest job in the world:

    Big government never did anything right. Liberal elites think they're better than you are.

    Almost all Republican spin derives from those two messages. The conservative movement has been actively pushing those messages at least since the time of Nixon. No matter what happens in the real world, the conservative pundit simply dreams up a response which derives from one of those notions.

    What was Somerby talking about? With regard to the charge of elitism, part of the answer could be found in a Washington Post column by conservative commentator George Will. Writing in April 2008 shortly after then-candidate Obama's comment about working-class voters who “cling” to God and guns, Will noted:

    What had been under FDR a celebration of America and the values of its working people has become a doctrine of condescension toward those people and the supposedly coarse and vulgar country that pleases them.

    When a supporter told Adlai Stevenson, the losing Democratic presidential nominee in 1952 and 1956, that thinking people supported him, Stevenson said, "Yes, but I need to win a majority." When another supporter told Stevenson, "You educated the people through your campaign," Stevenson replied, "But a lot of people flunked the course."

    Does President Obama despise working-class folks? Of course not. His economic policies, though far from sufficient from a Keynesian standpoint, are more beneficial to these very folks than anything put forth by today's movement conservatism.

    But his comments on guns and faith clearly display something of a disconnect that, three years later, still exists with many of our liberal talkers. Public faces of progressivism Ed Shultz, Rachel Maddow, and Bill Maher would rather play in the mud, demonizing the other side, than explain how contemporary liberalism is the best means available to create a prosperous capitalist economy for all, including those in the working-class.

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    Instead of broadening the liberal base, the aforementioned public faces of the left act as though our philosophy were a restricted community. Too many of us howl with delight when Bill Maher derides poor working people as “one-toothers” or those who believe in God as delusional. During any give broadcast of Real Time, the host's constant drumbeat of proclaiming "American dumbness" is ever-present. If anything, he risks turning himself into the poster boy for what movement conservatism says is wrong with liberals. Would FDR, Harry Truman, or Robert F. Kennedy have engaged in such self-defeating, elitist behavior?

    What these public figures could be doing instead is rebutting the conservative mantra that Reagan's tax cuts drastically increased revenue (they didn't). Better yet, how about pulling the rug out from under the GOP myth that big government doesn't do anything right? Projects put forth by economic liberals have led to generations of local wealth creation, such as the TVA or the Lower Colorado River Authority. They brought electrical power -- and production -- to whole sections of the South, areas “the invisible hand” of laissez-faire didn't want to touch. More importantly, such a discussion would be a very powerful tool in explaining how an activist government does indeed create private sector jobs.

    Maddow and Shultz could take a cue from Thom Hartmann and use their programs to explain how administrations that based their domestic policies upon Keynesian economics were also examples of “big government” getting things very right. (In fairness, Maher does this with Real Time.) For the 30 years after World War II, an activist government ensured increased wealth for a greater number of citizens in a manner far more disciplined than those based upon laissez-faire dogma. Instead, Maddow wasted precious airtime on a June 15 segment with Samuel L. Jackson narrating "Go the F**k to Sleep," a bedtime story for adults.

    Such silliness is an ongoing wasted opportunity; it is snarky entertainment that plays to a crowd of cynics instead of engaging those beyond the base. More than that, it is smart alec behavior that can cause some independent folks to feel empathy for liberalism's adversaries.

    “When men are once enlisted on opposite sides," Enlightenment thinker David Hume observed, "they contract an affection to the persons with whom they are united, and an animosity against their antagonists: And these passions they often transmit to their posterity." Movement conservatism has taken Hume's observation and honed it into a potent weapon, all while some self-described liberals insist on telling the world how clever they are.

    Glenn Beck and Rush Limbaugh can shape the public perception of liberals because we too often choose to disassociate ourselves from blue-collar folks. Whether it be the public or private faces of liberalism, we constantly fail to refute the myth that “government doesn't work.” That, too, illustrates the “liberal elites think they're better than you are” meme Somerby warned us about. The right's talking heads know full well that it is easier to hate a stranger and his ideas than the beliefs of a real-life friend. And to that end, when we segregate ourselves from the very folks contemporary liberalism was intended to help, we make it easier for movement conservatives to beat them down a bit more. It tends to make those who empathize with some, but not all of the of the political right defensive and protective of their own, creating greater identity with "whom they are united." Ranks close and camps become further polarized. Then we all retreat into our restricted communities and the discourse sinks deeper into the mud. And that plays right into the right's hands.

    It doesn't have to be this way. One of my favorite photographs is of FDR shaking hands with a soot-covered coal miner during the 1932 Presidential campaign. That photograph of the patrician politician locking grips with a hard-bitten but proud everyday man speaks of common dreams. And it reminds us that contemporary liberalism should never be an exclusive club for the well-educated. As FDR knew, it should be a true pathway to mutual prosperity, one that is equitable and inclusive for all Americans.

    Frank L. Cocozzelli writes a weekly column on Roman Catholic neoconservatism at Talk2Action.org and is contributor to Dispatches from the Religious Left: The Future of Faith and Politics in America. A director of the Institute for Progressive Christianity, he is working on a book on American liberalism.

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  • Paul Ryan Borrows a Page from Ayn Rand's "Morality"

    Apr 26, 2011Frank L. Cocozzelli

    money-justice-scalesTake a look at the Rand-inspired roots of the GOP budget before heading to the theater to watch Atlas Shrugged.

    money-justice-scalesTake a look at the Rand-inspired roots of the GOP budget before heading to the theater to watch Atlas Shrugged.

    I have always thought that, contrary to the popular belief that politicians say one thing and do another, they actually tell us what they intend to do. One such clear signal is Representative Paul Ryan's open admiration for writer Ayn Rand.

    Ryan's budget plan is a cold and often selfish effort. It transfers the tax burden to middle- and working-class Americans by lowering the top federal tax rate from 35% to 25%; it all but eviscerates Medicare and Medicaid by replacing direct payments with an ineffective voucher program topping off at $15,000; and seeks to abolish the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). But the harshness of this proposal should be no surprise to anyone who comprehends his worship of Ayn Rand. She saw making money as the highest virtue, where wealth is an end unto itself and not a means to living a wise, reasonable and agreeably well life. This, more than anything, explains what is missing from Paul Ryan's models of both freedom and societal morality: the concept of selflessness.

    In a Facebook video posted in 2009, the Wisconsin pol was gushing about the wisdom to be found in "Atlas Shrugged". He boldly declared, “And a lot of people would observe that we are right now living in an Ayn Rand novel -- and metaphorically speaking.” He elaborated, “But more to the point is this: The issue that is under assault, the attack on democratic capitalism, on individualism and freedom in America is an attack on the moral foundation of America."

    Returning to Rand, Ryan then proceeded to frame his moral vision within the context of laissez-faire capitalism:

    And Ayn Rand, more than anyone else, did a fantastic job of explaining the morality of capitalism, the morality of individualism. And this to me is what matters the most: it is not enough to say that President Obama's taxes are too big or that the health care plan does not work, or this or that policy reason. It is the morality of what is occurring right now; and how it offends the morality of individuals working for their own free will, to produce, to achieve, to succeed that is under attack.

    In other words, altruism deters excellence. Only selfishness breeds true success.

    The immediate flaw in such thinking is that commercial achievement does not happen in a vacuum. Giants of industry would not get far if they didn't have workers to contribute their effort to the creator's vision. The “free will to produce” would mean nothing if there were no government to enforce contracts or create roadways -- and, ironically, railways -- without enabling legislation. (In "Atlas Shrugged", the protagonist Dagny Taggart is the granddaughter of Nathanial Taggart, who supposedly created a railroad without any help whatsoever, including governmental intervention.)

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    For those not familiar with Rand's “philosophy” of objectivism, political scientist Corey Robin, writing in The Nation, provided a tidy summation:

    The chief conflict in Rand's novels, then, is not between the individual and the masses. It is between the demigod-creator and all those unproductive elements of society -- the intellectuals, bureaucrats and middlemen -- that stand between him and the masses. Aesthetically, this makes for kitsch; politically, it bends toward fascism. Admittedly, the argument that there is a connection between fascism and kitsch has taken a beating over the years. Yet surely the example of Rand-and the publication of two new Rand biographies, Anne Heller's Ayn Rand and the World She Made and Jennifer Burns's Goddess of the Market, is suggestive enough to put the question of that connection back on the table.

    When reading her work or listening to her interviews, there is no concept of community nor any aspect of shared experience. Instead, there are just creator übermen and parasites, a black and white world with no gray area. That, in and of itself, is a flawed view of humanity. Perhaps the central weakness in Paul Ryan's Ayn Rand-inspired plan is that it is devoid of individuals willing to sacrifice for each other. It is this simple but essential element that continually carries forward the entire American experience.

    This selflessness was present at Valley Forge when Washington's army suffered in frozen hunger for an ideal of liberty still unformulated. It was again present in places such as Omaha Beach and Peleliu when young Americans died by the thousands to defeat the tyranny of fascism. And it was there in Philadelphia, Mississippi when civil rights workers were lynched while seeking voting rights for all citizens in 1964.

    And borne of these sacrifices was much of our nation's finest legislation. Our constitution was shaped from recalling British excesses on individual liberties and made possible by the blood spilled for the sake of independence. Those who gave their last full measure defeating fascist racism girded post-war America to take a long hard look at their own racial injustices. And to that end, the deaths of James Chaney, Michael Schwerner and Andrew Goodman expedited the passage of much of the Civil Rights legislation of the Great Society.

    Contrary to Ms. Rand -- and by extension, her modern acolytes such as Paul Ryan -- love of others to the point of sacrifice is an essential element of freedom. This was not lost on Reinhold Niebuhr, who wrote that love is “the basic law of life." He further commented that, “love is the only final structure of law.” Add to that the wisdom of Founding Father Thomas Jefferson who wrote as if refuting Rand before the fact, “To ourselves, in strict language, we can owe no duties, obligation requiring also two parties. Self-love, therefore, is no part of morality. Indeed it is exactly its counterpart.”

    Ayn Rand and Paul Ryan's definitions of either individualism or freedom lack the essential element of mutuality. Once again, Corey Robin succinctly recently wrote of contemporary liberalism's ongoing task:

    Since the nineteenth century, it has been the task of the left to hold up to liberal civilization a mirror of its highest values and to say, "You do not look like this." You claim to believe in the rights of man, but it is only the rights of property you uphold. You claim to stand for freedom, but it is only the freedom of the strong to dominate the weak. If you wish to live up to your principles, you must give way to their demiurge. Allow the dispossessed to assume power, and the ideal will be made real, the metaphor will be made material.

    It would serve Congressman Ryan well to put Ayn Rand's example aside and remember America's rich history of community and selflessness.

    Frank L. Cocozzelli writes a weekly column on Roman Catholic neoconservatism at Talk2Action.org and is contributor to Dispatches from the Religious Left: The Future of Faith and Politics in America. A director of the Institute for Progressive Christianity, he is working on a book on American liberalism.

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